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Standard and material selection of gaskets

Nov 15,2023

Standard and material selection of gaskets

The main function of the washer is to reduce the compressive stress of the bearing surface and protect the surface of the connected part. In order to prevent the loosening of the connection pair, the spring washer and the multi-tooth lock washer, the round nut stop washer and the saddle shape, waveform and conical elastic washer can be used to reduce the pressure. When some parts tighten the axial force, it is easy to press the washer into a dish. At this time, the material can be changed and the hardness can be increased to solve.

The locking effect of the spring washer is general, and the important parts are used as little as possible or not, and the self-locking structure is used. For the spring washer used for high-speed tightening (pneumatic or electric), it is best to use the surface phosphating washer to improve its wear reduction performance, otherwise it is easy to burn out or open the mouth due to friction and heat, and even damage the surface of the connected part. For thin plate joints, the spring washer structure should not be used. According to statistics, spring washers are being used less and less in cars.

The connecting tooth shape of the toothed elastic washer is used more in the automotive industry because of the large and uniform locking force, while the spacing tooth type is less.

For spring washers and elastic washers, according to the national standard, 60, 70 steel and 65Mn steel in GB699-1999 "high-quality carbon structural steel" can be generally selected.

There are 9 flat washer standards in China. From 2000 to 2002, GB/T97.3-2000, GB/T5286-2001, GB/T95-2002, GB/T96.1-2002, GB/T96.2-2002, GB/T97.1-2002, GB/T97.2-2002, GB/T97.2-2002, GB/T97.2-2002 and GB/T97 were approved and released respectively .4-2002 and GB/T5287-2002 standard for flat washers.

According to the flat washer performance grade, the authors recommend the use of materials:

1, for 100HV grade ST12, ST13 and Q235, Q215, Q195, etc., the surface hardness can reach about 110HV;
2, for 140HV grade can choose 08F, 08Al and 10, 10F, etc., surface hardness can reach 140HV or so;
 3. For 200HV and 300HV grades, 45, 50, 60, 70 steel or 65Mn steel should be selected, and 200 ~ 300HV and 300 ~ 400HV technical requirements can be reached by heat treatment quenching and tempering.

Because according to the standard for 100HV, 140HV class flat gaskets can be made of low carbon steel. General enterprises in the selection of materials most of the use of Baosteel materials, easy to cold stamping.

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